Public Funding For Public Art - 1226 Words

Throughout history there have been many public funding’s that contributed to the world of art. Whether anyone realizes it or not, artists have a lot of responsibilities to try and please the public when they are working for the public. Also, there are numerous regional issues that greatly influence decisions about publicly funded art. Art is very important when forming a sense of nation character, therefore, we should support the public funding of art in America. Art is an important part of society and it can also be a very valuable part of our everyday lives. However, there are many positive and negative effects when it comes to the public funding of art in America. Supporters claim that subsidizing the arts pays for itself. These supporters suggest that the arts are what drive the economy of businesses within a community. Nothing in the United States Constitution requires the government to spend taxpayer dollars to fund public art. If the government chooses to fund public ar t in America, it must be done in a manner consistent with the First Amendment. Funding decisions cannot be based on whether the government agrees with the message being expressed in the piece of art. If we did not have to abide by that rule, then the government officials would use taxpayer dollars only to fund the pieces of art that support their views. However, what most American citizens do not realize is that the government funds are not infinite; they are limited to an extent. Government agenciesShow MoreRelatedPublic Funding Should Not Support Public Schools in Music and Arts628 Words   |  3 PagesEnglish 301A 14 September 2012 Public Funding should not support Public Schools in Music and Arts Education is one of the major problems faced by US as a nation and several debates pertaining to allocation of education funds are underway. The use of public education funds is one such matter which is debated very highly. The consequences of public education fund’s spending are long-term which makes this issue very important. Also, limited availability of public funds makes it essential for theseRead MorePublic Schools : Funding And Availability Of Arts Programs958 Words   |  4 Pages Public schools in America have seen a significant loss of funding which in turn has caused reductions in the funding and availability of arts programs country wide. School districts have cut the programs that they believe are least useful in boosting their testing averages which begs the question: In an age where students are taught simply to take tests, does education in the arts, and more specifically theatre, have a place in today’s schools. In recent years this country has seen tremendous cutsRead MoreThe Importance Of Arts And Funding Public School System Essay713 Words   |  3 Pagesimportance of arts and funding in the public school system. â€Å"I believe arts education in music, theater, dance, and the visual arts is one of the most creative ways we have to find the gold that is buried just beneath the surface. They (children) have an enthusiasm for life a spark of creativity, and vivid imaginations that need training – training that prepares them to become confident young men and women.†Ã¢â‚¬â€œ Richard W. Riley, Former US Secretary of Education. (Rice) The importance of Art EducationRead MoreThe Importance of Funding Music and Art Programs for Young Students Across America1685 Words   |  7 Pagesand art programs in schools are perceived to many as extracurricular activities rather than important subjects that are vital to a students learning and skill development. The truth of the matter is that encouraging music and art education in public schools has a much larger impact on student’s grades, academic performance, and the economy than the majority people realize. Within the next year city school budgets will be dropping by twenty five percent, and despite the fact that music and art programsRead MoreGovernment Funding Of The Arts845 Words   |  4 Pagesgovernment funding system for artists. Not only painters but also art museums are always looking for the NEA’s assistance. As it has been observed for years, the NEA funding has made a significant impact on the art we see today. The Government funding of the Arts is beneficial because they show care for what they display to the public, they are responsible for donating well amounts of money in grants, and they allow artists freedom of expression. The NEA has made it very clear that not all art shouldRead MoreShould The Federal Government Be Responsible For Funding Art Programs?981 Words   |  4 PagesSUBJECT: Public Policy on Federal Funding for the Arts DATE: December 12, 2014 ________________________________________________________________________ Sections One: Issue: Should the federal government be responsible for funding art programs (including art supplies/ tools, service training/staff, etc.) in public education establishments, or should those funds be made available by donation from private organizations or from other forms of sponsorship? Section Two: History: Since public schoolsRead MoreA Report On Newburgh Free Academy Essay1505 Words   |  7 Pagesextra-curricular activities. However, according to the district’s â€Å"Draft Budget Report for Fiscal Year 2017,† these programs do not all receive equal funding. There appears to be a large portion of available funds going towards the athletic program, while fine arts, language, and co-curricular programs receive little to no funding. The majority of public high schools across America, especially those located in overcrowded urban communities, experience a similar inequality. By dividing funds unevenlyRead MoreEssay On The NEA919 Words   |  4 Pages Every day we see art whether it is a pattern, sculpture, or even a picture. Art is everywhere. For artists to show their work they would go under the government process of the NEA. This program is wonderful on what they do with art. The government funding of art through the NEA is beneficial which help s art programs increase with money donations, the right to express your freedom, and lastly to show the public what they are wanting to see. The NEA helps art programs increase with money donationsRead MoreAdequate funding for the NEA1509 Words   |  7 PagesNational Endowment for the Arts is an independent agency that is funded by the federal government to help support many artists around the U.S. It has successfully been granting artists of every kind and has benefitted thousands of individuals and communities since its establishment in 1965. The NEA has had a huge impact in the development and the preservation of dance, design, folk and traditional arts, literature, media arts, museums, music, opera, theater, and visual arts (arts.gov). Over the yearsRead MoreThe No Child Left Behind Act Essay1731 Words   |  7 PagesO Art, Art, Wherefort art Thou Art? Who are Raphael, Leonardo, Michelangelo and Donatello? Present this question to a room full of children (as well as teenagers) and you are only going to receive references to the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles as responses, nearly without a shred of doubt. Though those guys are great, as someone in my mid-twenties I have some nostalgic attachment to them as well, this fictional presentation, with its’ fictional responses which is actually not related to those fictional

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Report on Business law

Question: Henrietta engaged a firm of solicitors to obtain an injunction to prevent a former male friend from visiting her and making a nuisance of himself. An unqualified litigation clerk was given the matter to handle, but his incompetence over an 11- month period created further embarrassment for Henrietta. Has Henrietta any claim against the firm for mental distress and upset? Answer: Introduction: The Contract of Australia is totally based and is quite inherited from the English Contract Law, which has a specific and basic statutory modification applicable in some places. The developments of Australian Laws started developing through the decisions given by the Australian Courts since the year 1980 and by the several kinds of legislation that has been passed by the Australian Parliament and also by many other territories and states. In Australia, there is a great role played by "Law of Equity" in increasing the changes regarding the Contract Laws, and the remedies also when they are breached. The basic six elements which are essential for legally binding the formation of Law of Contract they are as follows: An agreement which includes offer and also acceptance; Consideration which includes supply of money, a promise which needs to be undertaken, property or services regarding which will suffice relating to the consideration of money or commitment that is needed to be undertaken or not undertaken regarding any particular act(Furmston et al. 2012). Capacities to enter any legal and logical relations which can be considered regarding legal age and sound mind; Intention of the parties to come into any legal and logical relations (that is not commercial or private agreements with the members of family will not necessarily be important to constitute a contract for the purpose of creating any legal relation is also not often present) (Dyson and Ibbetson, 2013). Formalities- In most of the jurisdiction in Australia Contract it is not required to be presented writing until and unless exceptions are applied (Davies 2016). Certainty; The foundation of legal relation which is known as Contract is an agreement between parties. To translate the order from an agreement into Contract or the variations into of an existing Contract has to be favoured in consideration. The agreement should be full proof, complete, certain and sufficient to get enforced in court and there should also be the intentions of the parties to transfer their agreement into contact. If there is an absence of any kinds of elements, then it will clearly state that no point of law in the agreement or rather it is not enforceable to be a contact (Lewis 2014). Agreement: To analyse the existence of any agreement between "the parties," there must be the presence of rules of Offer and Acceptance'. It must also have to clear indication (offer) of expression by one of the parties (the offeror) in order of willingness bound on certain terms which must be accompanied by other of the party (the offeree) the offeror of unqualified assent as to that offer which is the acceptance (Burrows et al. 2012). Offer that clears the intentions of the offeror which can be bounded with negotiation or discussions, based on the set out terms. The court will further determine the objective intention of the offeror. It is also different from invitation to treat that is requests to the others in order of making offers for negotiating a contract in mind. An offer is also quite different from mere puff. An offer can also be made for making anyone liable who in beforehand accepts, withdraws offers. It may also be restricted to a class of people, or otherwise, be made to anyone before the withdrawal can accept the offer, which can include unascertained persons or the public. However, the offer remains ineffective until it is communicated, by anyone who is an offeror or any third person within the authority of the offeror (McKendrick 2014). Capacity: Contractual capacity refers the capability of the party who legally enters into a Binding Contract. In a case of drunks, minors, or mentally impaired persons may not possess a proper capacity to enter into the contract and other ordinary person may presume default to have a contractual capacity (O'Sullivan and Hilliard, 2014). Intention: This is regarded to the person's manifestation of intention to create legal relation. Preliminary agreements become apparent as soon as the parties may enter into an agreement, however, which has yet to be formalised more in intricate the agreement which has to be identified by both the parties. The intentional requirement has often been approached based on the commercial agreements of the parties which are presumed to intend legal consequences. Formalities: In many of the jurisdiction in Australia Contract is not required to be presented in writings but exceptions are applicable. The oral contract has the power equally as a written contract. These requirements are replaced by statute to prevent and protect the consumers from fraud. Certainty: The term certainty is encompassed with three related kinds of overlapping the problems vise- The agreement can be regarded as incomplete as the parties were not able to reach all essential elements or they have decided that agreement will further determine critical matter; The agreement can be quite uncertain as the terms are ambiguous or vague for the meaning that is attributed by the court. A particular promise can be illusory as contract or promisor has discretion whether should perform the promise. Contract affecting Australian legislation: Relating to the sale of goods most states have affected its statutes such as (Sales of Goods Act 1896) which includes warranties relating to merchantability and fitness. There are many similar terms which are implied under "Australian Consumer Law" relating to duty to take fitness and reasonable care some contract classes and it is also not displaced by contrary intention which is implied into parties intention. The Australian Consumer Law allows both on a legal trading through all states which corporate a person can be sued if they have been engaged in misleading or deceptive in conduct relating to trade or commercial matters. Taking into consideration the Case Laws which are applicable in matter of Breach Of Contract regarding Mental distress or upsets are as follows: Farley v Skinner [2001]:- It is an English Contact Law Case which is totally concerned with measurement for the availability of damages in distress matters. Mr Farley, who bought a large estate with Housing at Riverside in Blackboys, Sussex, which was not far from Gatwick which had croquet lawn, an orchard, a tennis court, a swimming pool and a paddock. On 28th of February 1991 he purchased it with 420,000and . Further, he spends 125,000 for its improvement. He was also an owner of a flat in London, an owner of a house in Brighton and also one in overseas. He thus hired Mr Skinner to survey the house particularly to clarify the aircraft noise level. Skinner stated that it was an acceptable noise, but in reality, the sound was intolerable at 6 am from the holding pattern above the house. Distressed Mr Farley often slept early morning in the garden. During the trial, the held that no one more had paid about the noise than him. Thus, there was a loss financially so awarded 10,000 for being distressed. Court furt her overturned his judgment and rescinded award of 10,000 (Andrews 2016). Judgment: The House of Lords stated the award of the judge of trial for not being to put in such kind of inconvenience which was an important term. Lord Scott stated that Farley had knowledge about the noise aircraft while he had bought the property. So he could claim on being deprived of contractual benefits or could have a claim for breach of contract or loss. He also stated that there was a reduction in market value of the house, although 10,000 was quite valuable within the right range. Lord Clyde, it regarded the peacefulness of the property. So there is the chance of surveyors be liable for the defective house that will cause distress (Rowan 2012). Hadley v Baxendale [1854]- In an English case law based on consequential of damages and losses from the breach of contract and breaching of a party is always liable for the damages and the losses which have been foreseen by the but it was overlooked. Mr Hadley and another who were millers and mealmen and worked in partnership as proprietors in city Steam-Mills at Gloucester. Hadley had a contract with defendant Baxendale and or for delivering crankshafts to repair it by engineers dated fixed at the cost 2. Terling and four shillings. But the defendant failed to deliver it on fixed date for which loss was suffered (Ashley et al. 2014). Judgment: In the Court of Exchequer which was led by Baron Sir Edward Hall Alderson declined by stating that he would not allow in this case Hadley to recover profits or losses as Baxendale cannot be held liable for the losses suffered which were foreseeable in case if Hadley in advance had mentioned in the special circumstance in which he couldnt have entered into the contract into dire circumstances. But quite obvious it is also stated that great multitude of this case where he sends broken shafts to a third person under ordinary circumstances and certain circumstances the plaintiff and the defendant has never communicated. For the important circumstances of the parties which provided basically breach of contract for the damages made in this case and according to this circumstance. It is quite unjust to deprive them, so the court also stated that such a breach of contract could have been completed by both parties when they entered into the contract (O'Gorman 2016). Reference List: Furmston, M.P., Cheshire, G.C. and Fifoot, C.H.S., 2012. Cheshire, Fifoot and Furmston's law of contract. Oxford university press. Dyson, M. and Ibbetson, D.J. eds., 2013. Law and Legal Process:'The hypostasis of prophecy': legal realism and legal history Charles Donahue, Jr; 2. Chancery, the Justices and the making of new writs in thirteenth-century England Paul Brand; 3. Copulative complexities: the exception of adultery in medieval dower actions Gwen Seabourne; 4. Arbitration and the legal profession in late medieval England Anthony Musson; 5. Privileges and their application in the main English central courts in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries Susanne Jenks; 6 .... Davies, P.S., 2016. JC Smith's the Law of Contract. Oxford University Press. Lewis, B., 2014. Jersey Law Review| Jerseys contract law: a question of identity. Burrows, J.F., Todd, S.M. and Finn, J., 2012. Law of contract in New Zealand. LexisNexis NZ. McKendrick, E., 2014. Contract law: text, cases, and materials. Oxford University Press (UK). O'Sullivan, J. and Hilliard, J., 2014. The law of contract. Oxford University Press, USA. Poole, J., 2014. Textbook on contract law. Oxford University Press, USA. Andrews, N., 2016. Appointing the Tribunal. In Arbitration and Contract Law (pp. 91-102). Springer International Publishing. Rowan, S., 2012. Remedies for breach of contract: a comparative analysis of the protection of performance. Oxford University Press on Demand. Ashley, P.S., Palmer, B. and Aldersey-Williams, J., 2014. An International Issue:'Loss of Profits' and'Consequential Loss'. Business Law International, 15(3), p.261. O'Gorman, D.P., 2016. When Lightning Strikes: Hadley v. Baxendale's Probability Standard Applied to Long-Shot Contracts. Loy. U. Chi. LJ, 47, pp.859-969.

What is a stakeholder and what role do they play in our healthcare system Essay Example

What is a stakeholder and what role do they play in our healthcare system? Essay What is a stakeholder and what role do they play in our healthcare system? A stakeholder is a person or group that has interest or concern in an organization. They can affect actions or be affected by the organizations actions, objectives and policies. In order to qualify as a stakeholder, an entity must have a claim or interests in the firm and the ability to influence it. In the role of healthcare this would include the hospitals, physicians, insurance companies and the drug companies. I think it was said best by McLaughlin and McLaughlin when they said â€Å"If everyone is in charge? then no one is in charge. In this paper I will discuss the hospital’s position on healthcare reform and why they take these positions. Education remains of importance for community-based nonprofit hospitals struggling to be able to manage the working costs of healthcare reform in a hard-hitting economy. The reform has caused a decrease in federal compensations to hospitals, and at the same time profits have declined, patient’s outstanding debts have started to pile up and the costs are up due to the increased use of the emergency room. We will write a custom essay sample on What is a stakeholder and what role do they play in our healthcare system? specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on What is a stakeholder and what role do they play in our healthcare system? specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on What is a stakeholder and what role do they play in our healthcare system? specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Hospitals have had to lay off more than 23,000 employees, to reduce their costs and try to increase success. In the years ahead working together in health care will become a main concern. Professionals are estimating more hospitals coming together, partnerships and developments to happen. Providers will also have to fight to get their portion of the 30 million new patients expected to come in the health care system in the next five years. On Dec. 9, The Chicago Tribune reported that health providers nationwide â€Å"are spending hundreds of millions of dollars on buildings, marketing and new partnerships to position themselves† to interest the future new patients created by the reform of healthcare. Healthcare reform means that hospitals will have to do more for less money, it also puts an importance on quality care by examining issues like the multiple need for patient readmissions and infections by relating payments to improvements. The biggest change is the yearly decrease to Medicare ayments, this is money that many local hospitals count on to remain in the black. Eventually, Medicare payments will be tied to productivity, meaning they will only get paid for what they actually do for the patient. These changes will put pressure on cash-strapped hospitals already fighting to stay open, forcing them to cut costs and improve the quality of services they offer. Those changes will put pressure on cash-strapped hospitals already fighting to stay in the black, forcing them to cut costs and improve the quality of services they offer. By following lines A – C on the chart below you can see how your hospital’s rate is compared to the national rate, which gives you your hospital’s â€Å"readmission rate. † On line D, if it is greater than 1. 0, then your readmission factor is above the expected and an â€Å"estimated excess payment† is calculated (lines E- F). Total estimated excess payments (line G) are the totals of the excess payments in line F. The uncapped payment adjustment factor is G/H. For this time period this is capped at 1%, so if your payment factor exceeds 1% it will be capped at 1% (lines I and J). % is then multiplied times the FFY 2012 Medicare inpatient operating payments for the hospital to give the final penalty amount (J * K). (hospital case management â„ ¢ / July 2012) According to the CMS the calculation for readmission with in a 30 day period looks The health care system in the United States is a linked system of patients, physicians, hospitals, insurers, and employers. Hospitals are facing a major cut in the amount they will be reimbursed from Medicare, so we know that ultimately other insurance companies will follow. Hospitals are handling on average 5,000 patients a day and that does not include the outpatient facility or the emergency room. Hospitals have always had to worry about their bottom line when it comes to patient care, staff, and overall expectations of keeping a hospital running, however now they will be doing more for less profit. Hospitals are our life line to healthcare and people need to know that they can still count on them when they are in need. References A Stakeholder Approach to Community Health Management; E. Jose Proenca, Widener University,2003